TOKOH DAKWAH DAN GERAKAN ISLAH DI KELANTAN PADA PERTENGAHAN ABAD KE-19 DAN AWAL ABAD KE-20

Abstract

This article discusses the role of prominent ulama and the influence of the Islah movement in Kelantan from the early 19th century to the mid-20th century. It highlights the significant contributions of individuals such as Hj Mohamad bin Hj Mohamad Said (Dato’ Perdana), Haji Muhammad Yusuf bin Ahmad (Tok Kenali), and Hj Nik Mahmud Ismail (Dato’ Perdana Menteri Paduka Raja) in introducing reformist ideas and intellectual shifts influenced by Middle Eastern education. The Islah movement, which initially began in the Straits Settlements through figures like Syeikh Muhammad Tahir Jalaluddin and Syed Syeikh al-Hadi, utilized magazines as platforms to disseminate Islamic reformist thought. This article also explores publications such as al-Imam, Pengasuh, and al-Hidayah, which served as crucial mediums for spreading authentic Islamic teachings. Additionally, it examines the challenges faced by this movement, particularly the influence of Western culture and the stagnation of Islamic thought. Through this analysis, the article emphasizes the vital role of ulama and the Islah movement in shaping Islamic thought and education in Kelantan, as well as its broader impact on the Malay community.